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Juniperus taxifolia
''Juniperus taxifolia'' (Bonin Islands juniper; Japanese: シマムロ ''Shimamuro'') is a species of juniper, endemic to the Bonin Islands southeast of Japan.〔Adams, R. P. (2004). ''Junipers of the World''. Trafford. ISBN 1-4120-4250-X〕〔Farjon, A. (2005). ''Monograph of Cupressaceae and Sciadopitys''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-068-4〕〔Yasushi laboratory: (''Juniperus taxifolia'' ) (in Japanese; (google translation ))〕
It is an evergreen coniferous shrub growing to a height of 1–3 m (rarely a small tree to 13 m tall). The leaves are needle-like, in whorls of three, light green, 7–14 mm long and 1-1.5 mm broad, with a double white stomatal band (split by a green midrib) on the inner surface. It is dioecious, with separate male and female plants. The seed cones are berry-like, green ripening in 18 months to reddish-brown with a variable light waxy coating; they are spherical, 8–10 mm diameter, and have six or nine fused scales in two or three whorls of three; the three larger scales each with a single seed. The seeds are dispersed when birds eat the cones, digesting the fleshy scales and passing the hard seeds in their droppings. The pollen cones are yellow, 5 mm long.〔〔
Some authors include ''Juniperus lutchuensis'' from the Ryukyu Islands in ''J. taxifolia'' as a synonym,〔 or variety,〔Yasushi laboratory: (''Juniperus taxifolia'' var. ''lutchuensis'' ) (in Japanese; (google translation ))〕 while others treat it as a distinct species as it has a distinct DNA profile.〔
Its conservation status, previously given as Data Deficient,〔Conifer Specialist Group (2000): (''Juniperus taxifolia'' )〕 is now listed as Vulnerable.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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